The Global Religious Landscape
A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World’s Major Religious Groups as of 2010
Executive Summary
- Geographic Distribution
- Living as Majorities and Minorities
- Young and Old
- About the Study
- Defining the Religious Groups
- Roadmap to the Report
Worldwide, more than eight-in-ten people identify with a religious group. A comprehensive demographic study of more than 230 countries and territories conducted by the Pew Research Center’s Forum on Religion & Public Life estimates that there are 5.8 billion religiously affiliated adults and children around the globe, representing 84% of the 2010 world population of 6.9 billion.
The demographic study – based on analysis of more than 2,500 censuses, surveys and population registers – finds 2.2 billion Christians (32% of the world’s population), 1.6 billion Muslims (23%), 1 billion Hindus (15%), nearly 500 million Buddhists (7%) and 14 million Jews (0.2%) around the world as of 2010. In addition, more than 400 million people (6%) practice various folk or traditional religions, including African traditional religions, Chinese folk religions, Native American religions and Australian aboriginal religions. An estimated 58 million people – slightly less than 1% of the global population – belong to other religions, including the Baha’i faith, Jainism, Sikhism, Shintoism, Taoism, Tenrikyo, Wicca and Zoroastrianism, to mention just a few.1 At the same time, the new study by the Pew Forum also finds that roughly one-in-six people around the globe (1.1 billion, or 16%) have no religious affiliation. This makes the unaffiliated the third-largest religious group worldwide, behind Christians and Muslims, and about equal in size to the world’s Catholic population.
Phi Beta Iota: The report is severely deficient in failing to distinguish between Sunnis and Shi’ites, and between Catholics, conventional Protestants, and the Evangelicals and Pentecostalists. That kind of granularity is essential to religious intelligence and counterintelligence. Religions — and tribes — are the new ground zero for serious all-source analytics.
